Economy

The economy of the Central African Republic (CAR) is dominated by the cultivation and sale of foodcrops such as cassava, peanuts, maize, sorghum, millet sesame and plantains. The importance of foodcrops over exported cash crops is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000 tons a year, whilst the production of cotton, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tons a year. Foodcrops are not exported in large quantities but they still constitute the principal cash crops of the country because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus foodcrops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee. Many rural and urban women also transform some foodcrops into alcoholic drinks such as sorghum beer or hard liquor and derive considerable income from the sale of these drinks.

Much of the income derived from the sale of foods and alcohol is not 'on the books' and thus is not considered in calculating per capita income, which is one reason why official figures for per capita income are not accurate in the case of the C.A.R. The per capita income of the CAR is often listed as being around $300 a year, said to be one of the lowest in the world, but this figure is based mostly on reported sales of exports and largely ignores the more important but unregistered sale of foods, locally-produced alcohol, diamonds, ivory, bushmeat and traditional medicine. The informal economy of the CAR is more important than the formal economy for most Central Africans.

Diamonds constitute the most important export of the CAR, frequently accounting for 40-55% of export revenues, but an estimated 30-50% of the diamonds produced each year leave the country clandestinely.

The CAR is heavily dependent upon multilateral foreign aid and the presence of numerous NGO's (non-governmental organisations), which provide numerous services which the government fails to provide. The very presence of numerous foreign personnel and organisations in the country, including peacekeepers and even refugee camps, provides an important source of revenue for many Central Africans.