Nature

The Rock of Gibraltar, at the head of the Strait, is a prominent headland, which accumulates migrating birds during the passage periods. The vegetation on the Rock, unique in southern Iberia, provides a temporary home for many species of migratory birds that stop to rest and feed before continuing migration for their crossing over the desert and sea. In spring they return to replenish before continuing their journeys to Western Europe, journeys which may take them as far as Greenland or Russia.

Most of Gibraltar's upper area is covered by a nature reserve, which is home to around 250 Barbary Macaques (the famous 'Rock Apes'), the only wild monkeys found in Europe. Recent genetic studies and historical documents point to their presence on the Rock before its capture by the British. A superstition analogous to that of the ravens at the Tower of London states that if the monkeys ever leave, so will the British.

Other highlights of the Upper Rock Nature Reserve include Barbary Partridges and flowers such as Gibraltar's own Chickweed, Thyme and the Gibraltar Candytuft.